October 20

Baseball great Mickey Mantle born (1931); Congress investigates "Reds" in Hollywood (1947); Tom Petty born (1950); Vice President Kamala Harris born (1964); President Herbert Hoover dies (1964); Libyan dictator Muammar Gaddafi killed (2011).

October 19

British Gen. Charles Cornwallis surrenders at Yorktown, effectively ending the Revolutionary War (1781); John Jay becomes first US chief justice (1789); Actor and director Jon Favreau born (1966); Black Monday stock market crash; Dow Jones drops 22.6% in one day (1987).

October 18

"Moby-Dick" is first published (1851); The US formally took possession of Alaska from Russia (1867); Thomas Edison dies (1931); Astronauts Jessica Meir and Christina Koch conduct first all-female spacewalk (2019); Former Secretary of State Colin Powell dies (2021). 

October 17

Actress Rita Hayworth born (1918); Mae Jemison, first Black woman in space, born (1956); Eminem born (1972); Mother Teresa wins Nobel Peace Prize (1979); Earthquake near San Francisco kills 63 (1989).

October 16

Marie Antoinette executed (1793); Author Oscar Wilde born (1854); The Walt Disney Co. founded (1923); Actress Angela Lansbury born (1925); Tony-, Academy-, and Emmy-winning actress Shirley Booth dies (1992).

October 15

"I Love Lucy" airs for first time (1951); Sarah “Fergie” Ferguson, the Duchess of York, born (1959); Black Panther Party is created (1966); Wayne Gretzky becomes all-time NHL points leader (1989); Microsoft cofounder Paul Allen dies (2018).

October 14

President Dwight D. Eisenhower born (1890); Chuck Yeager becomes first person to fly faster than speed of sound (1947); Cuban Missile Crisis begins (1962); Martin Luther King Jr. wins Nobel Peace Prize (1964); American photographer Dody Weston Thompson dies (2012).

October 13

Continental Navy established (1775); UK Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher born (1925); Italy declares war on Germany (1943); Television host Ed Sullivan dies (1974); 33 Chilean miners rescued after 69 days underground (2010).

October 12

Christopher Columbus reaches the Caribbean, believes he reached the Indies (1492); American playwright Alice Childress born (1916); Wilt Chamberlain dies (1999); USS Cole is attacked by suicide bombers, killing 17 American sailors (2000); Eliud Kipchoge becomes first person to run a sub-two-hour marathon (2019).

October 11

Earthquake in Aleppo, Syria, kills 230,000 people (1138); Eleanor Roosevelt born (1884); "Saturday Night Live" premieres (1975); Kathryn D. Sullivan becomes first American woman to perform a spacewalk (1984); ... and Alexei Leonov, first person to ever perform a spacewalk, dies (2019).

October 10

United States Naval Academy opens (1845); American actress Helen Hayes born (1900); Filmmaker Orson Welles dies (1985); Hijacking of the Achille Lauro cruise ship ends (1985); "Superman" actor Christopher Reeve dies (2004).

October 9

John Lennon born (1940); Landslide in Italy kills more than 2,000 (1963); Cuban Revolution figure Che Guevara is executed (1967); Women and girls' education activist Malala Yousafzai survives assassination attempt (2012). 

October 8

American politician John Hancock dies (1793); Great Chicago Fire begins, killing about 300 people and destroying most of the city (1871); Actress Sigourney Weaver born (1949); "Cats" debuts on Broadway (1982); Office of Homeland Security is created in the wake of 9/11 attacks (2001).

October 7

Edgar Allan Poe dies (1849); World’s oldest airline still operating under its original name, KLM, is founded (1919); American cellist Yo-Yo Ma born (1955); US invasion of Afghanistan begins (2001); Hamas launches attack into Israel, killing over 1,200 people and taking 250 hostage (2023).

October 6

Civil rights leader Fannie Lou Hamer born (1917); Yom Kippur War begins (1973); Pope John Paul II is first pope to visit White House (1979); Anwar Sādāt, president of Egypt, assassinated (1981); Hollywood legend Bette Davis dies (1989).

October 5

Harry Truman makes first US presidential television address from the White House (1947); Astrophysicist Neil deGrasse Tyson born (1958); Public Broadcasting Service launches (1970); Actress Kate Winslet born (1975); Steve Jobs dies (2011).

October 4

Rembrandt dies (1669); Orient Express makes first run from Paris to Romania (1883); Hollywood legend Charlton Heston born (1923); Sputnik 1 is first artificial satellite to orbit Earth (1957); Rocker Janis Joplin dies (1970).

October 3

American singer-songwriter Chubby Checker born (1941); Gwen Stefani born (1969); East and West Germany are unified (1990); OJ Simpson acquitted of murdering ex-wife and her friend (1995); "Psycho" actress Janet Leigh dies (2004).

October 2

Mahatma Gandhi born (1869); Fashion designer Donna Karan born (1948); Thurgood Marshall sworn in as first Black Supreme Court justice (1967); Rock Hudson is first major US celebrity to die from AIDS-related complications (1985); Tom Petty dies (2017).

Jane Goodall

"Jane Goodall, the intellectual, soft-spoken conservationist renowned for her groundbreaking, immersive chimpanzee field research in which she documented the primates’ distinct personalities and use of tools, has died. She was 91."

https://apnews.com/article/jane-goodall-obit-78698397851bc7634717206f7eba07b2?user_id=66c4c92f5d78644b3ac5d5b4

October 1

Yosemite National Park is established (1890); Bonnie Parker, half of the infamous crime duo Bonnie and Clyde, born (1910); President Jimmy Carter born (1924); Actress Dame Julie Andrews born (1935); Walt Disney World opens (1971); 58 killed, 869 injured in mass shooting in Las Vegas (2017).

September 30

American novelist and screenwriter Truman Capote born (1924); Babe Ruth is first player to hit 60 home runs in a season (1927); Actor James Dean dies in a car crash (1955); President John F. Kennedy authorizes federal troops to integrate University of Mississippi (1962); Oscar-winning actress Simone Signoret dies (1985).

September 29

John D. Rockefeller becomes world’s first billionaire (1916); Pope John Paul II is first pope to visit Ireland (1979); Stacy Allison becomes first American woman to climb Mount Everest (1988); Basketball star Kevin Durant born (1988). 

September 27

Rosetta Stone is first deciphered (1822); First Black US senator Hiram Revels born (1827); Production of Ford Model T begins (1908); Legendary athlete Mildred "Babe" Didrikson Zaharias dies (1956); Actress Maggie Smith dies (2024). 

September 28

Alexander Fleming discovers penicillin's potential as global antibiotic (1928); Ted Williams is last Major League Baseball player to end season batting over .400 (1941); Jazz legend Miles Davis dies (1991); American tennis great and color barrier breaker Althea Gibson dies (2003); Rapper Coolio dies (2022).

September 26

Thomas Jefferson is appointed the first US secretary of state (1789); Albert Einstein publishes paper on the special theory of relativity (1905); Last recorded album by The Beatles, "Abbey Road," is released (1969); Serena Williams born (1981); Actor Paul Newman dies (2008).

September 25

US Congress passes the Bill of Rights (1789); "Superman" actor Christopher Reeve born (1952); The Little Rock Nine integrate Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas (1957); Catherine Zeta-Jones born (1969); Golfer Arnold Palmer dies (2016). 

September 24

Author F. Scott Fitzgerald born (1896); American astronomer Charlotte Moore Sitterly born (1898); Devils Tower in Wyoming is proclaimed the first American national monument (1906); "Muppets" creator Jim Henson born (1936); 2,000 die in crowd crush in Saudi Arabia (2015).

September 23

American civil rights activist Victoria Woodhull born (1838); Nintendo is founded as a playing card company (1889); Musician Ray Charles born (1930); Neurologist Sigmund Freud dies (1939); Hurricane Jeanne kills more than 3,000 people in Haiti (2004).

September 22

President Abraham Lincoln issues preliminary Emancipation Proclamation (1862); Peace Corps formally authorized by Congress (1961); Iraq invades Iran, beginning the Iran-Iraq War (1980); “Friends” debuts on NBC (1994); Baseball greatYogi Berra dies (2015).

September 20

American author Upton Sinclair born (1878); Legendary basketball coach Red Auerbach born (1917); Actress Sophia Loren born (1934); Billie Jean King beats Bobby Riggs in "Battle of the Sexes" tennis match (1973); Hurricane Maria makes landfall in Puerto Rico, resulting in 3,000 deaths and $90B in damage (2017).

September 21

Science fiction author HG Wells born (1866); "The Hobbit" is published (1937); Actor Bill Murray born (1950); Senate confirms Sandra Day O’Connor as first female Supreme Court justice (1981); Track and field legend Florence Griffith Joyner dies (1998).

September 19

President James Garfield dies from gunshot wounds (1881); British cultural icon and model Twiggy born (1949); First-ever underground nuclear test takes place in Nevada (1957); Jimmy Fallon born (1974); Deepwater Horizon oil spill is sealed after five-month oil leak (2010).

September 18

George Washington lays first cornerstone for the US Capitol (1793); New York Times founded (1851); Baseball Hall of Famer Ryne Sandberg born (1959); Jimi Hendrix dies (1970); Supreme Court Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg dies (2020).

September 17

US Constitution is signed (1787); Harriet Tubman escapes from slavery for the first time (1849); Actress Anne Bancroft born (1931); Camp David Accords signed providing framework for Egypt–Israel peace treaty (1978); Vanessa Williams becomes first Black woman crowned Miss America (1983).

Robert Redford

"Sad news coming out of Hollywood today as silver screen icon Robert Redford has passed away at the age of 89."https://movieweb.com/robert-redford-dead-aged-89/?utm_source=MW-NL&utm_medium=newsletter&utm_campaign=MW-202509161538&user=eWVyZW1pYWhAYW9sLmNvbQ&lctg=f36de452f8c9719c60cb9abec59883873856bb4c01f7be178c1bd1148e710fd8

September 16

Pilgrims depart from England on the Mayflower (1620); Actress Lauren Bacall born (1924); American musician BB King born (1925); Historian and author Henry Louis Gates Jr. born (1950); Golfer Bryson DeChambeau born (1993).

Rebas Son

"The singer, 70, spoke with Entertainment Tonight on Sunday, Sept. 14, at the 2025 Emmy Awards and shared that she and her family are thinking of Brandon Blackstock, her late stepson, who died this August after privately going through cancer treatment."https://people.com/reba-mcentire-shares-how-brandon-blackstock-kids-supporting-each-other-after-death-11810478?utm_term=All%20Push%20Subscribers&utm_medium=browser&utm_source=people.com&utm_content=20250915&utm_campaign=79368780&hid=4811f21c13a7d3a5abac89f8c16272d61e5cb114

September 15

Mystery writer Agatha Christie born (1890); Muhammad Ali defeats Leon Spinks to win heavyweight title for the third time (1978); Prince Harry born (1984); Google.com registered as domain name (1997).

September 14

President William McKinley dies of gunshot wounds (1901); Early Moscow time, Soviet probe Luna 2 becomes the first human-made object to reach the moon (1959); Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries is founded (1960); Actress and Princess of Monaco Grace Kelly dies (1982); Singer Amy Winehouse born (1983).

September 13

Actor and producer Tyler Perry born (1969); Israel and Palestine sign peace accord (1993); Rapper Tupac Shakur dies six days after a drive-by shooting (1996); Ann Richards, educator and former governor of Texas, dies (2006).

UNCLE SAM DAY

"On September 13, the United States recognizes Uncle Sam Day to commemorate Sam Wilson, the man behind the iconic image and fascinating nickname for the United States government who was born on September 13, 1766."

https://www.nationaldaycalendar.com/national-day/uncle-sam-day-september-13?utm_source=Iterable&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=14908773&hashed_email=6c23328441e0f46865e8039a24ce7ccf8880f2d7&email=yeremiah%40aol.com

September 12

Henry Hudson begins exploration of what will become known as the Hudson River (1609); Iconic track and field athlete Jesse Owens born (1913); Singer Barry White born (1944); Mae Jemison becomes first Black woman in space (1992); Johnny Cash dies (2003).

September 11

College football coach Bear Bryant born (1913); Chilean President Salvador Allende dies by suicide in midst of coup d'état (1973); Pete Rose breaks baseball’s all-time hits record (1985); Coordinated terrorist attacks in the US kill 2,977, injure over 6,000 others (2001); US diplomatic compound in Benghazi, Libya, attacked resulting in death of four Americans (2012).

September 10

Golf legend Arnold Palmer born (1929); Jack Ma, Chinese billionaire and cofounder of Alibaba, born (1964); Jane Wyman, actress and first wife of former President Ronald Reagan, dies (2007); Large Hadron Collider is tested for first time (2008); Hurricane Irma makes landfall in Florida (2017).

Polly Holliday

"Polly Holliday, the actor who became beloved for her iconic "Kiss my grits!" catchphrase as Flo the waitress on Alice, has died. She was 88."

https://ew.com/polly-holliday-flo-on-tv-show-alice-dies-at-88-11807539?hid=4811f21c13a7d3a5abac89f8c16272d61e5cb114&did=19431137-20250910&utm_campaign=ewk-dispatch_newsletter&utm_source=ewk&utm_medium=email&utm_content=091025&lctg=4811f21c13a7d3a5abac89f8c16272d61e5cb114&lr_input=64a20f24338333901e4cb7afc40a3cfae56c6770df59fc13cf25a5ce36d78b01&utm_term=send2

September 9

The United States of America officially gets its name (1776); Actor Adam Sandler born (1966); People's Republic of China founding father Mao Zedong dies (1976); Queen Elizabeth II becomes longest-reigning monarch of the UK at more than 63 years with crown (2015); Actor James Earl Jones dies (2024). 

September 8

Michelangelo’s David statue unveiled to the public (1504); St. Augustine, Florida, becomes first permanent European settlement (1565); Singer Patsy Cline born (1932); Ruby Bridges, first Black student to attend an all-white school in Louisiana, born (1954); Queen Elizabeth II dies (2022). 

September 5

Matthew Webb becomes first person to swim across English Channel (1875); Singer Aaliyah dies in plane crash (2001); Voyager 1 becomes first human-made object to enter interstellar space (2012); Astronaut Neil Armstrong dies (2012); Sen. John McCain dies (2018).

NATIONAL GRANDMA MOSES DAY

"National Grandma Moses Day on September 7th celebrates the birth of Anna Mary Robertson Moses, a successful painter who began her career at the age of 78."https://www.nationaldaycalendar.com/national-day/national-grandma-moses-day-september-7?utm_source=Iterable&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=14845496&hashed_email=6c23328441e0f46865e8039a24ce7ccf8880f2d7&email=yeremiah%40aol.com

September 7

Uncle Sam first used as nickname for the US (1813); Rock 'n' roll pioneer Buddy Holly born (1936); "I Will Survive" singer Gloria Gaynor born (1943); Pro Football Hall of Fame opens in Canton, Ohio (1963); Rapper Tupac Shakur is shot, dies six days later (1996)

September 6

Magellan’s ship Victoria completes circumnavigation of the globe (1522); Social work pioneer Jane Addams born (1860); Munich massacre takes place at Munich Olympic Games; 11 Israeli athletes and coaches killed by terrorist group (1972); Idris Elba born (1972); Actor Burt Reynolds dies (2018).

August 20

"Using NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope, a team led by the Southwest Research Institute (SwRI) has identified a previously unknown moon orbiting Uranus, expanding the planet’s known satellite family to 29. The detection was made during a Webb observation Feb. 2, 2025."https://science.nasa.gov/blogs/webb/2025/08/19/new-moon-discovered-orbiting-uranus-using-nasas-webb-telescope/?utm_source=join1440&utm_medium=email&utm_placement=newsletter&user_id=66c4c92f5d78644b3ac5d5b4

September 5

First Continental Congress convenes in Philadelphia (1774); Actress Raquel Welch born (1940); Freddie Mercury born (1946); Voyager 1 is launched, is currently most distant human-made object from Earth (1977); Mother Teresa dies (1997).

September 4

Edmond Halley observes Halley’s Comet for first time (1682); Beyoncé born (1981); Google is founded (1998); "Crocodile Hunter" host Steve Irwin killed by a stingray (2006); Comedian Joan Rivers dies (2014).

September 3

Treaty of Paris signed, ending American Revolutionary War (1783); Pulitzer Prize-winning journalist Marguerite Higgins born (1920); Author Malcolm Gladwell born (1963); Football coaching legend Vince Lombardi dies (1970).

September 2

US Treasury Department is founded (1789); Japan surrenders, ending World War II (1945); Astronaut and teacher Christa McAuliffe born (1948); Keanu Reeves born (1964); Vietnamese president and revolutionary Hồ Chí Minh dies (1969).

August 31

Richard Gere born (1949); Boxing legend Rocky Marciano dies (1969); Princess Diana dies in car crash in Paris (1997); 953 die in bridge stampede in Iraq (2005); Baseball great Tom Seaver dies (2020). 

August 29

"Casablanca" actress Ingrid Bergman born, dies (1915, 1982); Sen. John McCain born (1936); Michael Jackson born (1958); Netflix is founded (1997); Hurricane Katrina makes landfall in Louisiana, kills nearly 1,400 (2005).

August 28

Black teenager Emmett Till is brutally lynched after wrongfully being accused of offending a white woman (1955); MLK delivers "I Have a Dream" speech in Washington, DC (1963); Shania Twain born (1965); Prince Charles and Princess Diana divorce (1996); Actor Chadwick Boseman dies (2020).

August 27

Krakatoa volcano eruption, among the largest in recorded history, kills around 40,000 (1883); President Lyndon B. Johnson born (1908); "Guinness Book of World Records" first published (1955); Sociologist and civil rights activist W.E.B. Du Bois dies (1963); American vaudevillian Gracie Allen dies (1964).

August 26

Mother Teresa born (1910); 19th Amendment, granting US women right to vote, takes effect (1920); First televised Major League Baseball game (1939); 13 US military personnel, more than 169 Afghans killed during suicide bombing at Kabul airport (2021); Television host Bob Barker dies (2023).

August 25

Matthew Webb becomes first person to swim across English Channel (1875); Singer Aaliyah dies in plane crash (2001); Voyager 1 becomes first human-made object to enter interstellar space (2012); Astronaut Neil Armstrong dies (2012); Sen. John McCain dies (2018).

August 24

Mount Vesuvius erupts, killing up to 15,000 people in Pompeii (79); Thomas Edison files patent for the kinetoscope, an early motion-picture viewer (1891); Brazilian author Paulo Coelho born (1947); Windows 95 released (1995).

August 23

Actor River Phoenix born (1970); Salad Bowl strike begins; largest farmworker strike in US history (1970); Kobe Bryant born (1978); 12-time Olympic swimming medalist Natalie Coughlin born (1982); India becomes fourth country to successfully land on the moon (2023).  

August 22

 First Geneva Convention held (1864); American poet Dorothy Parker born (1893); Cadillac Motor Co. founded (1902); Althea Gibson is first African American to compete in a US national tennis tournament (1950); Black Panther Party founder Huey Newton is murdered (1989).

August 21

Nat Turner leads rebellion of enslaved people (1831); "Mona Lisa" stolen from The Louvre Museum, is recovered two years later (1911); Basketball legend Wilt Chamberlain born (1936); Hawaii becomes 50th US state (1959); Usain Bolt born (1986).

August 20

First around-the-world telegram sent (1911); "Valley of the Dolls" author Jacqueline Susann is born (1918); Actress Amy Adams born (1974); NASA launches Viking 1 probe toward Mars (1975); Comedian Jerry Lewis dies (2017).

August 19

Fashion designer Coco Chanel born (1883); Indianapolis Motor Speedway, home of the Indianapolis 500, hosts first race (1909); Former President Bill Clinton born (1946); Comedian Groucho Marx dies (1977); Final US combat brigade leaves Iraq (2010).

August 18

Actress Shelley Winters born (1920); Baseball great Roberto Clemente born (1934); Hollywood legend Robert Redford born (1936); Nobel Peace Prize winner and former UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan dies (2018).

August 17

Actress Mae West born (1893); Robert De Niro born (1943); George Orwell's "Animal Farm" published (1945); President Bill Clinton admits to improper relationship with Monica Lewinsky (1998); Michael Phelps becomes first person to win eight gold medals in single Olympics (2008).

August 15

Napoleon Bonaparte born (1769); Iconic chef and TV host Julia Child born (1912); Panama Canal opens (1914); Woodstock music festival begins (1969); Civil rights activist Julian Bond dies (2015).

August 14

Steve Martin born (1945); Magic Johnson born (1959); Halle Berry born (1966); Blackout in the US and Canada affects 53 million (2003); US Embassy in Cuba opens for first time in 54 years (2015).

August 16

Gold is discovered in Canada’s Yukon Territory, sparks Klondike gold rush (1896); Babe Ruth dies (1948); Sports Illustrated is first published (1954); Madonna is born (1958); Elvis Presley dies (1977); Aretha Franklin dies (2018).

Frank Lloyd Wright

"Ask the average citizen to name a famous American architect and you can bet that their answer will be Frank Lloyd Wright."

https://franklloydwright.org/frank-lloyd-wright/?utm_source=join1440&user_id=66c4c92f5d78644b3ac5d5b4

Danielle Spencer

"Danielle Spencer, who played the precocious youngster Dee Thomas on the 1970s ABC sitcom What’s Happening!!, has died. She was 60."https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/tv/tv-news/danielle-spencer-dead-whats-happening-1236342214/

August 13

Sharpshooter Annie Oakley born (1860); Florence Nightingale, pioneer of modern nursing, dies (1910); Fidel Castro born (1926); Construction of the Berlin Wall begins (1961); Baseball great Mickey Mantle dies (1995); Celebrity chef Julia Child dies (2004).

August 12

Egyptian queen Cleopatra dies by suicide (30 BCE, estimated); James Bond creator Ian Fleming dies (1964); IBM personal computer is released (1981); Sue, largest-ever Tyrannosaurus rex skeleton, discovered (1990); Hollywood icon Lauren Bacall dies (2014).

August 11

Author and historian Alex Haley born (1921); Apple cofounder Steve Wozniak born (1950); Actress Viola Davis born (1965); Final US ground combat troops leave South Vietnam during Vietnam War (1972); Robin Williams dies by suicide (2014).

August 8

Thomas Edison patents the mimeograph (1876); Writer Shirley Jackson dies (1965); President Richard Nixon announces his resignation (1974); Roger Federer born (1981); Olivia Newton-John dies (2022).

August 7

Nobel Peace Prize winner Ralph Bunche born (1904); Operation Desert Shield preps the US to enter Gulf War (1990); US embassies in Kenya and Tanzania are bombed, killing 224 and wounding 4,500 (1998); Track and field star Sydney McLaughlin-Levrone born (1999); Journalist Peter Jennings dies (2005).

James Lovell

"James Lovell, the commander of Apollo 13 who helped turn a failed moon mission into a triumph of on-the-fly can-do engineering, has died. He was 97."https://apnews.com/article/james-lovell-dies-obituary-apollo-13-astronaut-ed08c1efc0a74fbd9d47868ff9983a23

August 9

The US drops atomic bomb on Nagasaki, killing over 40,000 (1945); Singer Whitney Houston born (1963); Actress Sharon Tate, four others murdered by Manson Family (1969); Gerald Ford becomes US president as Richard Nixon resigns (1974); Musician Jerry Garcia dies (1995).

August 10

Shakespeare's 11-year-old son Hamnet dies (1596); Frederick Douglass gives Nantucket speech that launches him as a public lecturer (1841); Apple cofounder Steve Wozniak born (1950); Painter Jackson Pollock dies in a car accident (1956); Minnesota's Mall of America opens (1992)

James Marsden

"“The Notebook” and “X-Men” star James Marsden (Born Sept. 18, 1973) hails from Stillwater, Okla. (a place he channeled for a few improvisational moments on the “Jury Duty” series)."https://variety.com/t/james-marsden/

August 6

Actress Lucille Ball born (1911); Pop artist Andy Warhol born (1928); "Little Boy" atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima, killing more than 70,000 (1945); Actress Michelle Yeoh born (1962); Voting Rights Act signed (1965); Curiosity rover lands on Mars (2012).

August 5

Space pioneer Neil Armstrong born (1930); Marilyn Monroe found dead in her Los Angeles home (1962); The US, the UK, and the Soviet Union sign Nuclear Test Ban Treaty (1963); Nobel Prize-winning author Toni Morrison dies (2019).

August 4

Jazz legend Louis Armstrong born (1901); Anne Frank and family are captured after two years hiding from Nazis (1944); President Barack Obama born (1961); Meghan, Duchess of Sussex born (1981); Rwanda peace treaty signed (1993).

August 2

Declaration of Independence is signed (1776); American actress Myrna Loy born (1905); Alexander Graham Bell dies (1922); Author and activist James Baldwin born (1924); Iraq invades Kuwait, leading to Gulf War (1990).

August 3

Christopher Columbus sets sail on his first transatlantic voyage from Spain (1492); Former US Vice President Aaron Burr goes on trial for treason (1807); US businesswoman Martha Stewart born (1941); The NBA was formed as a merger of two leagues (1949); Russian author Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn dies (2008)

August 1

 "Moby-Dick" author Herman Melville born (1819); American frontierswoman Calamity Jane dies (1903); Sniper kills 14, wounds 31 at University of Texas (1966); MTV launches with "Video Killed the Radio Star" as first video (1981).

July 28

Composer Johann Sebastian Bach dies (1750); 14th Amendment, granting US citizenship to formerly enslaved persons, is officially adopted (1868); Former first lady Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis born (1929); Tangshan earthquake kills more than 240,000 in China (1976).

July 30

British author Emily Brontë born (1818); Automobile pioneer Henry Ford born (1863); Uruguay wins first World Cup (1930); Arnold Schwarzenegger born (1947); British singer Kate Bush born (1958); Medicare and Medicaid established in the US (1965).

July 31

17th US president Andrew Johnson dies (1875); Entrepreneur Mark Cuban born (1958); "Harry Potter" author JK Rowling born (1965); START I signed by the US and Soviet Union to begin nuclear arms reduction (1991); Basketball legend Bill Russell dies (2022). 

July 29

Vincent van Gogh dies (1890); NASA is established (1958); 750 million people worldwide watch wedding of Prince Charles and Princess Diana (1981); Nobel Prize-winning chemist Dorothy Hodgkin dies (1994).

July 27

First successful underwater telegraph cable between North America and Europe completed (1866); Cartoon character "Bugs Bunny" makes his official debut in "A Wild Hare" (1940); Korean War ends with armistice (1953); American actress Maya Rudolph born (1972); Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, the last Shah of Iran, dies (1980)

July 26

US postal system established (1775); Federal Bureau of Investigation is founded (1908); Actress Dame Helen Mirren born (1945); Former Argentine first lady Eva Perón dies (1952); Sinéad O'Connor dies (2023).

July 25

DNA scientist Rosalind Franklin born (1920); Football great Walter Payton born (1953 or 1954); First baby born via in vitro fertilization (1978); Rock Hudson is first major celeb to announce AIDS diagnosis (1985); Concorde Air France crash kills 113 (2000).

NATIONAL AMELIA EARHART DAY

"Each year on July 24, National Amelia Earhart Day honors the achievements of the aviation pioneer on the date of her birth." 

https://www.nationaldaycalendar.com/national-day/national-amelia-earhart-day-july-24?utm_source=Iterable&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=14310153&hashed_email=6c23328441e0f46865e8039a24ce7ccf8880f2d7&email=yeremiah%40aol.com

July 24

Jacques Cartier claims Canada for France (1534); Aviation pioneer Amelia Earhart born (1897); Machu Picchu is rediscovered (1911); Apollo 11 splashes safely in the Pacific (1969); Jennifer Lopez born (1969).

July 23

Ulysses S. Grant dies (1885); 43 killed, over 1,000 injured in Detroit Riot (1967); British actor Daniel Radcliffe born (1989); Hale-Bopp comet is discovered (1995); Amy Winehouse dies (2011); Sally Ride, the first American woman in space, dies (2012). 

July 22

"America the Beautiful" written (1893); Fashion designer Oscar de la Renta born (1932); Infamous gangster John Dillinger killed by federal agents (1934); "Jeopardy!" host Alex Trebek born (1940); Singer and actress Selena Gomez born (1992).

July 21

Author Ernest Hemingway born (1899); Actor and comedian Robin Williams born (1951); Soccer great Brandi Chastain born (1968); Jay Silverheels becomes first Native American to have a star on Hollywood Walk of Fame (1979); NASA’s Space Shuttle program ends (2011).

July 19

Inventor and businessman Samuel Colt born (1814); First US women’s rights convention held (1848); Maurice Garin becomes first winner of Tour de France (1903); Sports journalist Stuart Scott born (1965); First GPS signal transmitted (1977).

July 20

Ancient Greek conqueror Alexander the Great born (356 BCE); Radio inventor Guglielmo Marconi dies (1937); "West Side Story" actress Natalie Wood born (1938); Adolf Hitler survives bomb assassination attempt by army officers (1944); Humans walk on the moon for the first time during Apollo 11 mission (1969)

July 18

Novelist Jane Austen dies (1817); Nelson Mandela born (1918); Astronaut and politician John Glenn born (1921); Nadia Comăneci gets first perfect 10 in Olympic gymnastics history (1976); Actress Priyanka Chopra born (1982).

July 17

Disneyland opens in Anaheim, California (1955); Jazz singer Billie Holiday dies (1959); Broadcast legend Walter Cronkite dies (2009); Malaysia Airlines Flight 17 shot down, 298 killed (2014); Politician and civil rights leader John Lewis dies (2020).

July 16

District of Columbia established as capital of the US (1790); Journalist and civil rights activist Ida B. Wells-Barnett born (1862); First successful atom bomb test (1945); JD Salinger's "The Catcher in the Rye" published (1951); Apollo 11 launches with first astronauts who will walk on the moon (1969).

July 15

Rosetta Stone is found in Egypt (1799); Businesswoman and journalist Arianna Huffington born (1950); Fashion designer Gianni Versace is murdered (1997); Twitter is launched (2006).

July 14

Revolutionaries in France storm the Bastille (1789); Archaeologist and spy Gertrude Bell born (1868); President Gerald Ford born (1913); Howard Hughes' crew breaks record with 91-hour flight around the world (1938); NASA's New Horizons probe completes flyby of Pluto (2015).

July 11

President John Quincy Adams born (1767); Vice President Aaron Burr mortally wounds Alexander Hamilton in duel (1804); "To Kill a Mockingbird" is published (1960); Iconic actor Laurence Olivier dies (1989); Former first lady Lady Bird Johnson dies (2007).

July 12

US Founding Father Alexander Hamilton dies (1804); The Rolling Stones perform first concert (1962); Geraldine Ferraro is first American female major-party VP candidate (1984); Activist and Nobel Peace Prize recipient Malala Yousafzai born (1997).

July 13

The Northwest Territory (much of today's Midwest) is created by US law (1787);  French revolutionary Jean-Paul Marat killed (1793); The legendary Hollywood sign is dedicated (1923); Krispy Kreme Doughnuts is founded (1937); Actor Harrison Ford born (1942); Yankees owner George Steinbrenner (immortalized in the sitcom "Seinfeld") dies (2010) 

July 10

Iconic inventor Nikola Tesla born (1856); Scopes Monkey Trial begins (1925); Tennis player Arthur Ashe born (1943); Actress Sofía Vergara born (1972); Panamanian dictator Manuel Noriega sentenced to 40 years in prison in Miami on drug charges (1992).

July 9

14th Amendment ratified in the US, granting citizenship to African Americans (1868); First Wimbledon tournament begins (1877); Actor Tom Hanks born (1956); Andy Warhol's iconic "Campbell's Soup Cans" makes its debut (1962); Musician Courtney Love born (1964).

July 8

Businessman and philanthropist John D. Rockefeller born (1839); "Gone with the Wind" actress Vivien Leigh dies (1967); Atlantis is launched as final mission of US Space Shuttle program (2011); Former first lady and social activist Betty Ford dies (2011); Former Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe assassinated (2022).

July 7

Construction of the Hoover Dam begins (1930); Ringo Starr born (1940); Basketball legend Lisa Leslie born (1972); Sandra Day O’Connor nominated as first female US Supreme Court justice (1981); US women’s national soccer team wins World Cup for a record fourth time (2019).

July 6

Sir Thomas More is executed in England for treason (1535); First Major League Baseball All-Star game played in Chicago's Comiskey Park (1933); Tibetan spiritual leader the Dalai Lama born (1935); President Truman establishes the Medal of Freedom (1945); 43rd US President George W. Bush born (1946)

July 3

 Battle of Gettysburg ends on Pickett’s Charge (1863); Dow Jones publishes its first stock average (1884); Actor Tom Cruise born (1962); Musician Jim Morrison dies (1971); Actress Olivia Munn born (1980).

July 2

Thurgood Marshall, first Black US Supreme Court justice, born (1908); Amelia Earhart disappears on round-the-world flight (1937); Ernest Hemingway dies (1961); Businessman Sam Walton opens first Walmart store in Rogers, Arkansas (1962); Civil Rights Act of 1964 is signed into law (1964).

July 1

Civil War Battle of Gettysburg begins (1863); Canada becomes a country (1867); Abolitionist and author Harriet Beecher Stowe dies (1896); Princess Diana born (1961); China regains sovereignty over Hong Kong (1997).

June 30

Aztec emperor Moctezuma II dies in battle with Spanish conquistadors (1520); Famous Oxford debate on evolution takes place (1860); Singer and civil rights activist Lena Horne born (1917); Olympic legend Michael Phelps born (1985). 

NATIONAL PAUL BUNYAN DAY

"On June 28, we fondly remember the tales of the big blue ox and a mighty lumberjack. It is National Paul Bunyan Day!"https://www.nationaldaycalendar.com/national-day/national-paul-bunyan-day-june-28?utm_source=Iterable&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=13972714&hashed_email=6c23328441e0f46865e8039a24ce7ccf8880f2d7&email=yeremiah%40aol.com

June 29

Shakespeare's Globe Theatre in London destroyed by fire (1613); "The Little Prince" author Antoine de Saint-Exupéry born (1900); "Bird of Paradise" plane completes first successful transpacific flight (1927); Modernist Swiss-German painter Paul Klee dies (1940); Apple releases the first iPhone (2007).

June 28

Archduke Franz Ferdinand assassinated, sparking World War I (1914); Treaty of Versailles is signed, formally ending World War I (1919); Stonewall uprising begins (1969); Elon Musk born (1971); Basketball coach Pat Summitt dies (2016).

June 27

The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints founder Joseph Smith killed by a mob in jail (1844); Author Paul Laurence Dunbar born (1872); Helen Keller born (1880); The US enters the Korean War (1950); Director JJ Abrams born (1966).

June 26

Spanish conquistador Francisco Pizarro is assassinated (1541); Sports great Babe Didrikson Zaharias born (1911); Berlin Airlift begins (1948); JFK delivers famous "Ich bin ein Berliner" speech (1963); Supreme Court legalizes same-sex marriage in the US (2015).

June 25

Anne Frank's diary published for first time (1947); Korean War begins (1950); Celebrity chef Anthony Bourdain born (1956); Actress and model Farrah Fawcett dies (2009); Michael Jackson dies from drug overdose administered by his physician, who was convicted of involuntary manslaughter (2009).

June 24

Boxing great Jack Dempsey born (1895); First exhibit by Pablo Picasso opens in Paris (1901); Actress Mindy Kaling born (1979); Soccer star Lionel Messi born (1987); Condominium collapse in Surfside, Florida, kills 98 (2021). 

June 23

Computer scientist Alan Turing born (1912); Track and field great Wilma Rudolph born (1940); Title IX enacted, banning gender discrimination in public education and sports (1972); Polio vaccine developer Jonas Salk dies (1995); The UK votes to leave the EU (2016).

June 21

US Constitution is ratified (1788); Benazir Bhutto, first female prime minister of Pakistan, born (1953); Prince William born (1982); Frida Kahlo is first Hispanic woman honored on US postage stamp (2001).

June 22

Astronomer Galileo forced to renounce heliocentric view (1633); Nazi Germany invades Soviet Union (1941); US Congress formally adopts the Pledge of Allegiance (1942);  American actress Meryl Streep born (1949); "Da Vinci Code" author Dan Brown born (1964); US comedian George Carlin dies (2008)

June 20

Samuel Morse patents the telegraph (1840); Beach Boys cofounder Brian Wilson born (1942); Mobster Bugsy Siegel is murdered (1947); Actress Nicole Kidman born (1967); Manjil–Rudbar earthquake kills 35,000-50,000 (1990).

June 19

First recorded game of baseball (1846); Baseball great Lou Gehrig born (1903); Author Salman Rushdie born (1947); Julius and Ethel Rosenberg executed for espionage (1953); Actress Zoe Saldaña born (1978); Koko the gorilla dies (2018).

June 18

The US declares war against Great Britain as War of 1812 begins (1812); Paul McCartney born (1942); Sally Ride becomes first American woman in space (1983); Five people die after submersible implodes while exploring wreckage of the Titanic (2023); Baseball great Willie Mays dies (2024).

June 17

Battle of Bunker Hill fought (1775); Statue of Liberty arrives in New York as gift from France (1885); Tennis star Venus Williams born (1980); Rapper Kendrick Lamar born (1987); Juneteenth established as US federal holiday (2021).

Stephen Hawking

"Stephen Hawking’s office on the ground floor of a modern academic block in Cambridge is a surprisingly plush affair, complete with leather furniture and flourishing potted plants."https://cosmosmagazine.com/science/physics/a-brief-history-of-stephen-hawking/?utm_source=1440-st&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=view-content-pr&user_id=66c4c92f5d78644b3ac5d5b4

June 16

Economist Adam Smith born (1723); President Abraham Lincoln gives "House Divided" speech (1858); Ford Motor Company is incorporated (1903); Valentina Tereshkova becomes the first woman in space (1963); Rapper Tupac Shakur born (1971).

June 15

King John seals the Magna Carta (1215); Margaret Jones becomes first person executed for witchcraft in Massachusetts Bay Colony (1648); 200 acres of Robert E. Lee's confiscated estate set aside for Arlington National Cemetery (1864); Chinese president Xi Jinping born (1953); American jazz singer Ella Fitzgerald dies (1996)

July 14

Stars and Stripes officially adopted as flag of the US (1777); Abolitionist and author Harriet Beecher Stowe born (1811); President Donald Trump born (1946); High-rise fire in London kills 72 (2017).

June 13

Miranda rights are established (1966); Thurgood Marshall becomes first African American nominated to Supreme Court (1967); Pioneer 10 is first human-made object to exit our solar system (1983); Actresses Mary-Kate and Ashley Olsen born (1986).

June 12

Former President George HW Bush born (1924); Anne Frank born (1929); Nelson Mandela sentenced to life in prison in South Africa (1964); President Ronald Reagan delivers famous "tear down this wall" speech (1987); 49 killed in mass shooting at nightclub in Orlando (2016).

June 11

Politician and suffragist Jeannette Rankin born (1880); President John F. Kennedy sends in Alabama National Guard to integrate University of Alabama (1963); Anna Mae Hays and Elizabeth P. Hoisington are first two women to become generals in the US Armed Forces (1970); Actress and civil rights activist Ruby Dee dies (2014).

June 10

Benjamin Franklin conducts famous kite experiment (1752); Hattie McDaniel, first African American to win an Oscar, born (1893); Hollywood legend Judy Garland born (1922); Italy invades France, declares war on France and Great Britain (1940); Musician Ray Charles dies (2004).

Sly Stone

"Sly Stone, the leader of the band Sly and the Family Stone, one of the most influential bands in the development of funk, soul, R&B, rock and psychedelic music, has died. He was 82."https://people.com/sly-stone-dead-age-82-sly-and-the-family-stone-8637240?utm_source=join1440&utm_medium=email&utm_placement=newsletter&user_id=66c4c92f5d78644b3ac5d5b4

Frederick Forsyth

"Best-selling author Frederick Forsyth, known for thriller novels including The Day Of The Jackal, has died at the age of 86, his agent has said."https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/czj4ljxv17xo?utm_source=join1440&utm_medium=email&utm_placement=newsletter&user_id=66c4c92f5d78644b3ac5d5b4

June 9

Roman emperor Nero dies by suicide (68); Author Charles Dickens dies (1870); Michael J. Fox born (1961); Secretariat wins horse racing’s Triple Crown (1973); Natalie Portman born (1981).

June 8

Iceland's Laki volcano begins 8-month eruption, killing nearly 10,000 (1783); US architect Frank Lloyd Wright born (1867); US comedian Joan Rivers born (1933); George Orwell publishes dystopian novel "1984" (1949); TV chef and author Anthony Bourdain dies (2018)

June 7

Actress Jean Harlow dies (1937); Mathematician Alan Turing dies (1954); Musician Prince born (1958); US Supreme Court legalizes contraception use by married couples (1965); Writer Dorothy Parker dies (1967). 

June 6

American founding father Patrick Henry dies (1799); Securities and Exchange Commission established (1934); D-Day: Allies begin Normandy invasion (1944); Bobby Kennedy dies after being shot at campaign rally (1968); Actress Anne Bancroft dies (2005).

June 5

The US moves off gold standard (1933); Bobby Kennedy is shot at campaign rally, dies next day (1968); President Ronald Reagan dies (2004); Science fiction writer Ray Bradbury dies (2012); Fashion designer Kate Spade dies (2018).

June 4

US Congress passes 19th Amendment, granting suffrage to women (1919); Battle of Midway starts (1942); Angelina Jolie born (1975); Hundreds killed at Tiananmen Square protests (1989); Basketball coaching legend John Wooden dies (2010).

June 3

Spanish explorer Hernando de Soto claims Florida for Spain (1539); Singer and actress Josephine Baker born (1906); Ed White becomes first American to walk in space (1965); Rafael Nadal born (1986); Muhammad Ali dies (2016).

June 2

First first lady Martha Washington born (1731); Baseball legend Babe Ruth retires (1935); Queen Elizabeth II is coronated (1953); Soccer star Abby Wambach born (1980); Rock 'n' roll pioneer Bo Diddley dies (2008).

June 1

Anne Boleyn crowned queen of England (1533); Actress Marilyn Monroe born (1926); Actor Morgan Freeman born (1937); Activist Helen Keller dies (1968); Heimlich maneuver first introduced (1974); CNN launches as first 24-hour cable news network (1980)

May 31

Poet Walt Whitman born (1819); London’s Big Ben ticks for the first time (1859); Clint Eastwood born (1930); Brooke Shields born (1965); Watergate secret source "Deep Throat" is revealed (2005).

Walt Whitman

"Few poets have had such lasting impact as Walt Whitman."https://www.poetryfoundation.org/articles/70243/walt-whitman-101?utm_source=join1440&user_id=66c4c92f5d78644b3ac5d5b4

May 30

Joan of Arc is executed (1431); Historian and philosopher Voltaire dies (1778); First Indianapolis 500 is held (1911); Lincoln Memorial is dedicated (1922); Crew Dragon Demo-2 becomes first commercial flight to International Space Station (2020).

May 29

Comedian Bob Hope born (1903); President John F. Kennedy born (1917); Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay are first to reach Mount Everest summit (1953); Danica Patrick is first woman to lead at Indy 500 (2005).

May 28

Native American athlete Jim Thorpe born (1887); Volkswagen founded in Germany (1937); Singer Gladys Knight born (1944); Poet and civil rights activist Maya Angelou dies (2014).

Rick Derringer

"Rick Derringer is a legendary figure in the world of rock music, known for his incredible guitar skills and captivating performances."https://facts.net/celebrity/16-astounding-facts-about-rick-derringer/?utm_source=grow&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=automailer&utm_content=rec#google_vignette

May 27

Marine biologist and author Rachel Carson born (1907); US statesman Henry Kissinger born (1923); Ford ends manufacture of iconic Model T (1927); Golden Gate Bridge opens in California (1937); Outkast rapper André 3000 born (1975).

May 25

US Constitutional Convention opens in Philadelphia (1787); US writer Ralph Waldo Emerson born (1803); Babe Ruth hits 714th (and last) home run (1935); US actress Octavia Spencer born (1970); Original "Star Wars" film released (1977); George Floyd killed during arrest by Minneapolis police, sparking protests (2020)

May 23

Infamous bank robbers Bonnie and Clyde are killed by police (1934); John D. Rockefeller dies (1937); German Nazi officer Adolf Eichmann revealed to have been captured in Argentina (1960); Musician Jewel born (1974); James Bond actor Roger Moore dies (2017).

May 22

(First) first lady of the US Martha Washington dies (1802); The Associated Press is founded (1846); Poet Langston Hughes dies (1967); Supermodel Naomi Campbell born (1970); Manchester Arena bombing kills 22 following Ariana Grande concert (2017).

May 21

American Red Cross is founded by Clara Barton (1881); FIFA, world governing body of association football, founded (1904); Amelia Earhart is first woman to fly solo nonstop across the Atlantic (1932); Nobel Peace Prize laureate Jane Addams dies (1935); Rapper Notorious BIG born (1972).

George Wendt

"George Wendt, an American actor and comedian who earned six consecutive Emmy nominations for his performance as Norm Peterson on the beloved NBC comedy series “Cheers,” died Tuesday morning at his home."

https://variety.com/2025/tv/obituaries-people-news/george-wendt-dead-cheers-1236404992/?utm_source=join1440&utm_medium=email&utm_placement=newsletter&user_id=66c4c92f5d78644b3ac5d5b4

George Wendt

"Actor George Wendt, who once played the ever-loyal Norm on "Cheers," died Tuesday morning at his home at the age of 76, his family confirmed in a statement through his publicist."https://www-nbcnews-com.cdn.ampproject.org/v/s/www.nbcnews.com/news/amp/rcna208080?amp_gsa=1&amp_js_v=a9&usqp=mq331AQIUAKwASCAAgM%3D#amp_tf=From%20%251%24s&aoh=17477774212932&referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com&ampshare=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nbcnews.com%2Fnews%2Fobituaries%2Fgeorge-wendt-cheers-dies-76-rcna208080

May 20

Christopher Columbus dies (1506); Charles Lindbergh makes first solo nonstop flight across the Atlantic (1927); Singer-songwriter Cher born (1946); First photograph sent from Hubble Space Telescope (1990).

May 19

Anne Boleyn, the second wife of King Henry VIII, is beheaded (1536); TE Lawrence, aka Lawrence of Arabia, dies (1935); André the Giant born (1946); Former first lady Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis dies (1994); Prince Harry marries Meghan Markle (2018).

May 17

Aristides is first winner of the Kentucky Derby (1875); Brown v. Board of Education decision outlaws racial segregation in public schools (1954); Boxer Sugar Ray Leonard born (1956); First legal same-sex marriages performed in the US (2004); Singer Donna Summer dies (2012).

May 18

Supreme Court rules “separate but equal” in Plessy v. Ferguson case (1896); Pope John Paul II born in Poland (1920); Comedian Tina Fey born (1970); India detonates its first nuclear test bomb “Smiling Buddha” (1974); Mount St. Helens erupts in Washington state (1980); Musician Chris Cornell dies (2017)

May 16

First Academy Awards hosted (1929); Warsaw Ghetto Uprising ends (1943); Janet Jackson born (1966); Comedian Andy Kaufman dies (1984); "Muppets" creator Jim Henson dies (1990); Sammy Davis Jr. dies (1990).

May 15

National Woman Suffrage Association founded by Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton (1869); Poet Emily Dickinson dies (1886); Mickey Mouse makes first cartoon appearance (1928); Former Secretary of State Madeleine Albright born (1937); Soviet Union begins withdrawal of 115,000 troops from Afghanistan (1988).

May 14

Meriwether Lewis and William Clark embark on their famous expedition (1804); "Star Wars" creator George Lucas born (1944); Skylab, the first US space station, launched (1973); Singer Frank Sinatra dies (1998); Blues musician BB King dies (2015).

May 13

The US declares war against Mexico in dispute over Texas (1846); "Golden Girls" actress Bea Arthur born (1922); Stevie Wonder born (1950); Pope John Paul II is shot, survives assassination attempt (1981); Actress and singer Doris Day dies (2019).

May 10

First American transcontinental railroad is completed (1869); Winston Churchill becomes prime minister of the UK (1940); Former NASA astronaut Ellen Ochoa, the first Hispanic woman in space, born (1958); Actress Joan Crawford dies (1977); Nelson Mandela inaugurated as president of South Africa (1994).

May 11

First chartered hospital in the US founded in Philadelphia (1751); Spanish surrealist painter Salvador Dalí born (1904); Hit musical "Cats" debuts in London (1981); American singer Sabrina Carpenter born (1999); "Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy" author Douglas Adams dies (2001)

May 12

Modern nursing innovator Florence Nightingale born (1820); Actress Katharine Hepburn born (1907); Charles Lindbergh’s son found dead two months after being kidnapped (1932); Skateboarding legend Tony Hawk born (1968); Ex-President Jimmy Carter visits Cuba, the first American president to visit since 1959 revolution (2002).

May 9

Billy Joel born (1949); Impeachment proceedings begin against President Richard Nixon (1974); Singer and civil rights activist Lena Horne dies (2010); Rock legend Little Richard dies (2020). 

Pope

"Once upon a time, it was said that the idea of an American pope was unthinkable. In the beginning, it was for basically logistical reasons – steamships from the New World took so long to reach Rome that American cardinals often arrived too late to vote, and in any event they were never part of the political sausage-grinding before the conclave began."

https://cruxnow.com/papal-transition/2025/05/papabile-of-the-day-cardinal-robert-francis-prevost?utm_source=join1440&utm_medium=email&utm_placement=newsletter&user_id=66c4c92f5d78644b3ac5d5b4

May 8

Poet Phillis Wheatley born (1753); President Harry Truman born (1884); Boxing legend Sonny Liston born (1932); Germany surrenders, ending World War II in Europe (1945); Smallpox is eradicated (1980).

May 7

Edwin H. Land, inventor of instant photography, born (1909); Ishirō Honda, Japanese film director and cowriter of 1954 film "Godzilla," born (1911); German submarine sinks RMS Lusitania, killing 1,198 (1915); Eva "Evita" Perón born (1919); Sony Corporation founded (1946).

May 6

Famed neurologist Sigmund Freud born (1856); Baseball great Willie Mays born (1931); Hindenburg disaster kills 36 (1937); Roger Bannister becomes first person to run a mile in under four minutes (1954); Actress and singer Marlene Dietrich dies (1992).

May 5

Napoleon Bonaparte dies while in exile (1821); Cinco de Mayo commemorates Mexican victory in the Battle of Puebla (1862); Alan Shepard becomes first American in outer space (1961); Singer-songwriter Adele born (1988).

May 4

Abraham Lincoln buried in Springfield, Illinois (1865); US officially takes over Panama Canal construction (1904); Actress Audrey Hepburn born (1929) First Grammy Awards ceremony held (1959); Yugoslavian dictator Josip Tito dies (1980)

May 3

Philosopher Niccolò Machiavelli born (1469); Boxer Sugar Ray Robinson born (1921); Musician James Brown born (1933); Margaret Mitchell wins Pulitzer for "Gone with the Wind" novel (1937); First bulk spam email is sent (1978).

May 2

Leonardo da Vinci dies (1519); Playwright Tennessee Williams wins Pulitzer Prize for "Cat on a Hot Tin Roof" (1955); Fashion designer Donatella Versace born (1955); Dwayne "The Rock" Johnson born (1972); Osama bin Laden is killed by US special forces (2011).

May 1

Frontierswoman and sharpshooter Calamity Jane born (1852); Dwarf planet Pluto is named (1930); Empire State Building opens in NYC (1931); Country artist Tim McGraw born (1967); Actress Olympia Dukakis dies (2021).

April 30

George Washington inaugurated (1789); Aviator Bessie Coleman, first African American woman and first Native American to hold a pilot license, dies (1926); Blues musician Muddy Waters dies (1983); World Wide Web launches into public domain by computer scientist Tim Berners-Lee (1993).

April 29

Jazz legend Duke Ellington born (1899); Singer-songwriter Willie Nelson born (1933); Film director Alfred Hitchcock dies (1980); Los Angeles riots begin following acquittal of police officers in the beating of Rodney King (1992); Prince William and Kate Middleton get married (2011).

April 28

“To Kill a Mockingbird” author Harper Lee born (1926); Italian dictator Benito Mussolini executed (1945); US Supreme Court Justice Elena Kagan born (1960); Charles de Gaulle resigns as president of France (1969); Apollo 11 astronaut Michael Collins dies (2021).

April 26

John Wilkes Booth killed 12 days after assassinating President Lincoln (1865); First lady Melania Trump born (1970); The worst nuclear disaster in history occurs in Chernobyl (1986); Lucille Ball dies (1989); Deadliest tornado in history kills 1,300 in Bangladesh (1989).

April 27

Composer Ludwig van Beethoven composes "Für Elise" (1810); UK House of Commons presided over by first time in 700-year history (1992); British author and women's advocate Mary Wollstonecraft born (1759); US President Ulysses S. Grant born (1822); Explorer Ferdinand Magellan dies (1521) 

NATIONAL BABE RUTH DAY

"On April 27, baseball fans worldwide honor one of baseball's all-time greatest players on National Babe Ruth Day."

https://www.nationaldaycalendar.com/national-day/national-babe-ruth-day-april-27?utm_source=Iterable&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=13256650&hashed_email=6c23328441e0f46865e8039a24ce7ccf8880f2d7&email=yeremiah%40aol.com

April 25

Workers break ground on Suez Canal (1859); The US declares war on Spain to begin Spanish-American War (1898); Jazz singer Ella Fitzgerald born (1917); Al Pacino born (1940); Singer, actor, and activist Harry Belafonte dies (2023).

April 24

US Library of Congress founded (1800); Easter Rising begins (1916); Barbra Streisand born (1942); Hubble Space Telescope is launched (1990); Estée Lauder dies (2004).

April 23

English playwright William Shakespeare dies (1616); Hollywood legend and diplomat Shirley Temple born (1928); American punk rock band Ramones release first album (1976); Workers’ rights leader Cesar Chavez dies (1993); The first video is uploaded on YouTube (2005).

April 22

Pulitzer Prize-winning novelist Ellen Glasgow born (1873); Earth Day first celebrated in the US (1970); Photographer Ansel Adams dies (1984); President Richard Nixon dies (1994); Former NFL football player Pat Tillman killed during the war in Afghanistan (2004). 

April 21

American author Mark Twain dies (1910); Queen Elizabeth II born (1926); 100,000 students begin protests at Tiananmen Square (1989); Singer-songwriter Nina Simone dies (2003); Musician Prince dies (2016).

April 20

Shakespeare's 'Macbeth' performed for first time (1611); Pierre and Marie Curie refine radium chloride, revolutionizing physics (1902); League of Nations dissolved, powers transferred to United Nations (1946); "Star Trek" actor George Takei born (1937); Mother Angelica, founder of Catholic TV network, born (1923); "Dracula" author Bram Stoker dies (1912)

April 18

Paul Revere makes famous ride during American Revolution (1775); Yankee Stadium opens (1923); Albert Einstein dies (1955); Conan O'Brien born (1963); Dick Clark dies (2012).

NATIONAL ELLIS ISLAND FAMILY HISTORY DAY

"Each year on April 17th, National Ellis Island Family History Day encourages families to explore their ancestry and discover family who immigrated through Ellis Island."https://www.nationaldaycalendar.com/national-day/national-ellis-island-family-history-day-april-17?utm_source=Iterable&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=13217608&hashed_email=6c23328441e0f46865e8039a24ce7ccf8880f2d7&email=yeremiah%40aol.com

April 17

Benjamin Franklin dies (1790); Bay of Pigs Invasion begins in Cuba (1961); Apollo 13 returns safely to Earth (1970); Victoria Beckham born (1974); Former first lady Barbara Bush dies (2018).

April 16

Actor Charlie Chaplin born (1889); Harriet Quimby is first woman to fly across English Channel (1912); Kareem Abdul-Jabbar born (1947); Singer-songwriter Selena Quintanilla-Pérez born (1971); 32 die, 17 injured in Virginia Tech mass shooting (2007).

April 15

President Abraham Lincoln dies (1865); RMS Titanic sinks after hitting an iceberg, killing more than 1,500 (1912); Jackie Robinson breaks color barrier, becomes first Black major league baseball player (1947); Actress Emma Watson born (1990); Two bombs explode at Boston Marathon, killing three and injuring 264 (2013).

Rachel Louise Carson

 (May 27, 1907 – April 14, 1964) was an American marine biologist, writer, and conservationist whose sea trilogy (1941–1955) and book Silent Spring (1962) are credited with advancing marine conservation and the global environmental movement.Carson began her career as an aquatic biologist in the U.S. Bureau of Fisheries, and became a full-time nature writer in the 1950s. Her widely praised 1951 bestseller The Sea Around Us won her a U.S. National Book Award,[2][3] recognition as a gifted writer and financial security. Its success prompted the republication of her first book, Under the Sea Wind (1941), in 1952, which was followed by The Edge of the Sea in 1955 — both were also bestsellers. This sea trilogy explores the whole of ocean life from the shores to the depths.Late in the 1950s, Carson turned her attention to conservation, especially some problems she believed were caused by synthetic pesticides. The result was the book Silent Spring (1962), which brought environmental concerns to an unprecedented share of the American people. Although Silent Spring was met with fierce opposition by chemical companies, it spurred a reversal in national pesticide policy, which led to a nationwide ban on DDT and other pesticides. It also inspired a grassroots environmental movement that led to the creation of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.[4] Carson was posthumously awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom by President Jimmy Carter.

April 11

"Webster’s Dictionary" is first published (1828); President Abraham Lincoln is mortally wounded by John Wilkes Booth, dies the next day (1865); Marine biologist and environmentalist Rachel Carson dies (1964); Human Genome Project is completed (2003).

NATIONAL THOMAS JEFFERSON DAY

"National Thomas Jefferson Day each year on April 13th honors the birth of the third President of The United States, Thomas Jefferson, who was born on April 13, 1743."

https://www.nationaldaycalendar.com/national-day/national-thomas-jefferson-day-april-13?utm_source=Iterable&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=13167697&hashed_email=6c23328441e0f46865e8039a24ce7ccf8880f2d7&email=yeremiah%40aol.com

April 13

The Sikh religion is formalized (1699); Handel's "Messiah" makes its world premiere in Dublin (1742); the Metropolitan Museum of Art is founded (1870); Chess grandmaster Garry Kasparov born (1963); American novelist Eudora Welty born (1909); American astronomer Annie Jump Cannon dies (1941)

April 12

Patent for first portable typewriter issued in the US (1892); American Red Cross founder Clara Barton dies (1912); Franklin D. Roosevelt dies (1945); David Letterman born (1947); Yuri Gagarin becomes first person in space (1961); Boxing great Joe Louis dies (1981).

April 11

Ethel Kennedy, philanthropist and widow of Bobby Kennedy, born (1928); Civil Rights Act of 1968 is signed (1968); Apollo 13 launches (1970); American novelist Kurt Vonnegut dies (2007).

April 10

“The Great Gatsby” published (1925); Labor rights activist Dolores Huerta born (1930); Football personality John Madden born (1936); Paul McCartney leaves The Beatles (1970); Good Friday Agreement is signed (1998).

April 9

Gen. Robert E. Lee surrenders to Gen. Ulysses S. Grant, effectively ending the Civil War (1865); Actor and activist Paul Robeson born (1898); Architect Frank Lloyd Wright dies (1959); Golfer and LPGA cofounder Marilynn Smith dies (2019).

April 8

Actress Robin Wright born (1966); Pablo Picasso dies (1973); Hank Aaron breaks Babe Ruth’s home run record (1974); Frank Robinson becomes first Black manager of a major league baseball team (1975); Margaret Thatcher dies (2013).

April 7

English poet William Wordsworth born (1770); Jazz singer Billie Holiday born (1915); World Health Organization is established (1948); The US breaks diplomatic ties with Iran during Iran Hostage Crisis (1980); Ketanji Brown Jackson is confirmed as the first Black female US Supreme Court justice (2022). 

Johann Karl Friedrich Zöllner

"Johann Karl Friedrich Zöllner (8 November 1834, Berlin – 25 April 1882, Leipzig) was a German astrophysicist who studied optical illusions. He was also an early psychical investigator."

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johann_Karl_Friedrich_Z%C3%B6llner

April 5

Booker T. Washington born (1856); Actress Bette Davis born (1908); Actor Gregory Peck born (1916); Former Secretary of State Colin Powell born (1937); Kareem Abdul-Jabbar surpasses Wilt Chamberlain as all-time leading scorer in the NBA at the time (1984); Kurt Cobain dies (1994).

April 6

The first modern Olympics begin in Athens, Greece (1896); US declares war on Germany in WWI (1917); First Tony Awards ceremony held in New York City (1947); Italian Renaissance painter Raphael born (1483); Actor Paul Rudd born (1969); Science fiction writer Isaac Asimov dies (1992)

April 4

Ninth US President William Henry Harrison dies of pneumonia, shortest presidency ever at just 31 days (1841); American poet and activist Maya Angelou born (1928); NATO is created (1949); Martin Luther King Jr. is assassinated (1968).

April 3

American politician Boss Tweed born (1823); Actress Doris Day born (1922); Eddie Murphy born (1961); First mobile phone call is made (1973); Apple releases the first iPad (2010).

April 2

Ludwig van Beethoven premieres his First Symphony (1800); Danish author Hans Christian Andersen born (1805); Samuel Morse, inventor of Morse code, dies (1872); Singer Marvin Gaye born (1939); Pope John Paul II dies (2005).

April 1

Actress Debbie Reynolds born (1932); Apple Computer founded by Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak ... and don't forget Ronald Wayne (1976); Iran officially becomes an Islamic republic after the Shah is overthrown (1979); Singer Marvin Gaye shot and killed by his father (1984).

March 31

Eiffel Tower opens in Paris (1889); Workers’ rights leader Cesar Chavez born (1927); American track legend Jesse Owens dies (1980); Singer-songwriter Selena killed (1995); Rapper Nipsey Hussle killed (2019).

March 30

The Florida Territory is incorporated in the US (1822); Physician C.W. Long uses ether for first time as surgical anesthesia (1842); SpaceX launches first re-used rocket into space (2017); Painter Vincent van Gogh born (1853); Singer Celine Dion born (1968); Actor Chance Perdomo dies in motorcycle accident (2024)

March 29

President John Tyler born—and he still has one living grandson (1790); Baseball player Cy Young born (1867); Walmart founder Sam Walton born (1918); Dow Jones closes above 10,000 for first time (1999); RIP actress Patty Duke (2016).

March 28

English novelist Virginia Woolf dies (1941); Native American Olympian and athlete Jim Thorpe dies (1953); Musician W.C. Handy dies (1958); Earthquake in western Turkey kills over 1,000 (1970); Lady Gaga born (1986).

March 27

Poet Walt Whitman dies (1892); Sandra Day O'Connor, first female US Supreme Court justice, born (1930); Journalist Bob Woodward, known for reporting on Watergate scandal, born (1943); Singer Diana Ross born (1944); Bangladesh declares independence from Pakistan (1971). 

March 26

Poet Walt Whitman dies (1892); Sandra Day O'Connor, first female US Supreme Court justice, born (1930); Journalist Bob Woodward, known for reporting on Watergate scandal, born (1943); Singer Diana Ross born (1944); Bangladesh declares independence from Pakistan (1971). 

March 25

Saturn's largest moon, Titan, is discovered (1655); Journalist and civil rights activist Ida B. Wells-Barnett dies (1931); Singer Aretha Franklin born (1942); Sir Elton John born (1947); Children's author Beverly Cleary dies (2021). 

March 24

World famous magician Harry Houdini born (1874); Author Jules Verne dies (1905); Dorothy Height, civil and women’s rights activist, born (1912); Exxon Valdez oil tanker runs aground, eventually spills 11 million gallons of oil (1989). 

March 22

First Stanley Cup championship played (1894); Legendary musical theater composer Andrew Lloyd Webber born (1948); Sports broadcaster Bob Costas born (1952); Mensch and 1440 superfan Joe Donnelly born (1955); Reese Witherspoon born (1976).

March 21

Pocahontas is buried (1617); Martin Luther King Jr. leads third and ultimately successful march from Selma to Montgomery, Alabama (1965); The US announces boycott of Summer Olympics in Moscow (1980); Twitter is founded (2006).

March 23

Patrick Henry delivers "Give me liberty" speech in Richmond, Virginia (1775); Elisha Otis installs first elevator in New York City (1857); Ever Given container ship runs aground in Suez Canal, blocks traffic for six days (2021); Psychologist and "Art of Loving" author Erich Fromm born (1900); Singer Chaka Khan born (1953); Secretary of State Madeleine Albright dies (2022)

March 20

Sir Walter Raleigh freed from the Tower of London after 13 years of imprisonment (1616); Fred "Mister" Rogers born (1928); KFC founded by Colonel Harland Sanders (1930); Author Lois Lowry born (1937); Kenny Rogers dies (2020).

March 19

American novelist Philip Roth born (1933); Glenn Close born (1947); Bruce Willis born (1955); Texas Western, now known as UTEP, is first basketball team to win NCAA Championship with all-Black starting lineup (1966); Iraq War begins (2003).

March 18

President Grover Cleveland born (1837); Actress and first Black Miss America Vanessa Williams born (1963); Cosmonaut Alexei Leonov becomes first person to walk in space (1965); Queen Latifah born (1970); Chuck Berry dies (2017). 

March 17

 First St. Patrick’s Day parade held (1601); Golf legend Bobby Jones born (1902); Singer Nat King Cole born (1919); National Gallery of Art opens in Washington, DC (1941); Soccer great Mia Hamm born (1972).

Clive Staples Lewis

Clive Staples Lewis was born in Belfast, Ireland, in 1898 to a family of avid readers. Lewis, too, was soon immersed in literature: He started reading at just 3 years old, and by age 5, he had begun writing stories about a fantasy land populated by “dressed animals.”

Years later, a 19-year-old Lewis served in World War I with the Somerset Light Infantry. He experienced trench warfare on the front line in the Somme, the horrors of which he carried with him for the rest of his life.



Lewis first met J.R.R. Tolkien in 1926, and the two men developed a lifelong friendship. Lewis, who had become an atheist early in life, found his way back to theism and Christianity under Tolkien’s guidance. Tolkien, meanwhile, openly credited Lewis as a major source of creative encouragement: “Only from him,” wrote Tolkien, “did I ever get the idea that my ‘stuff’ could be more than a private hobby. But for his interest and unceasing eagerness for more I should never have brought The Lord of the Rings to a conclusion."

Lewis himself was a prolific writer of both fiction and nonfiction. The latter included books and essays of Christian apologetics in which he passionately promotes and defends Christianity. Christian themes are also highly prevalent in his works of popular fiction, which include The Screwtape Letters, The Space Trilogy, and, most famously, The Chronicles of Narnia.

March 16

World's first liquid-fueled rocket launched in Massachusetts (1926); Cricketer Sachin Tendulkar records first 100 century batting score (2012); Dow Jones sees largest single-day point drop ever at 2,997 (2020); US president James Madison born (1751); Singer-songwriter Patty Griffin born (1964); Roman emperor Tiberius dies (37 CE)

March 15

The Ides of March: Julius Caesar assassinated by Brutus (44 BCE); President Andrew Jackson born (1767); Supreme Court Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg born (1933); Terrorist attack in Christchurch, New Zealand, kills 51 (2019).

March 14

Eli Whitney patents cotton gin (1794); Albert Einstein born (1879); Stephen Curry born (1988); Seven-time Olympic gold medalist Simone Biles born (1997); Stephen Hawking dies (2018).

March 13

Uranus discovered (1781); President Benjamin Harrison dies (1901); Susan B. Anthony dies (1906); Tennis star Coco Gauff born (2004); Pope Francis' papacy begins (2013).

March 12

Writer and author Jack Kerouac born (1922); Mahatma Gandhi begins 200-mile protest march against British salt tax (1930); Actress and singer Liza Minnelli born (1946); Jazz saxophonist Charlie Parker dies (1955).

March 11

Civil rights leader Ralph Abernathy born (1926); Sir Alexander Fleming, scientist who discovered penicillin, dies (1955); Janet Reno confirmed as first female attorney general in the US (1993); Coordinated bombings kill 191 people aboard trains in Madrid (2004); COVID-19 declared a pandemic by World Health Organization (2020).

March 10

Courrières mining accident kills 1,099 in France (1906); Harriet Tubman dies (1913); Sharon Stone born (1958); Dot-com bubble peaks as the Nasdaq hits 5,048 (2000); Ethiopian Airlines flight crashes, killing 157 (2019).

March 9

Italian soccer club Inter Milan founded (1908); Barbie doll debuts at American International Toy Fair (1959); Space Shuttle 'Discovery' makes final of 39 flights (2011); Italian cartographer and namesake of the Americas, Amerigo Vespucci, born (1451); US Olympic gold-winning gymnast Sunisa Lee born (2003)

March 8

First stock car race held in Daytona Beach (1936); International Women's Day becomes official United Nations holiday (1977); Baseball player Joe DiMaggio dies (1999); Sam Simon, director and codeveloper of "The Simpsons," dies (2015).

March 7

Alexander Graham Bell patents the telephone (1876); Actor Bryan Cranston born (1956); Bloody Sunday as 600 civil rights protesters attacked by police in Selma, Alabama (1965); American poet Amanda Gorman born (1998); Director Stanley Kubrick dies (1999).

March 6

Michelangelo born (1475); Davy Crockett and 186 others are killed at the Battle of the Alamo (1836); Aspirin is patented (1899); Shaquille O’Neal born (1972); Artist Georgia O’Keeffe dies (1986).

Seneca

Lucius Annaeus Seneca, (better known as Seneca the Younger) was a well respected philosopher, statesman, and playwright. Born in Cordoba, Spain and raised in Rome, Seneca went on to become one of the most influential figures of the Stoic school of philosophy.Seneca’s philosophy encourages people to examine their inner selves and to live in more harmony with nature.

March 5

Five American colonists shot by British troops in Boston Massacre (1770); Josef Stalin dies (1953); Singer Patsy Cline dies (1963); Actress Eva Mendes born (1974); Venezuelan President Hugo Chávez dies (2013).

March 4

Antonio Vivaldi, violinist and composer, born (1678); Jeannette Rankin becomes first female member of US House of Representatives (1917); Frances Perkins becomes secretary of labor, first female member of US Cabinet (1933); Actor and comedian John Candy dies (1994); Actor Luke Perry dies (2019).

March 1

Articles of Confederation are ratified, go into effect in the US (1781); Writer Ralph Ellison born (1914); Harry Belafonte born (1927); The Peace Corps is established (1961); Actress Lupita Nyong'o born (1983); Justin Bieber born (1994).

March 2

Manhattan's Martha Washington Hotel opens, first exclusively for women (1903); Wilt Chamberlain sets NBA single-game scoring record at 100 (1962); James Bond actor Daniel Craig born (1968); English novelist of 'Lady Chatterley's Lover' DH Lawrence dies (1930)

March 3

Inventor Alexander Graham Bell born (1847); "The Star-Spangled Banner" becomes the US national anthem (1931); Track and field great Jackie Joyner-Kersee born (1962); Turkish Airlines flight crashes outside Paris, killing all 346 aboard (1974); Sir Roger Bannister, first person to run a sub-four-minute mile, dies (2018).

February 28

Coaching legend Dean Smith born (1931); Record 106 million people watch series finale of "M*A*S*H" (1983); Persian Gulf War ends (1991); Basketball star Luka Dončić born (1999); Actress Jane Russell dies (2011).

W. Clement Stone

W. Clement Stone was an entrepreneur, writer and motivational speaker, who believed in the power of positive thinking and taking action to achieve one’s goals.Born in 1902, W. Clement Stone grew up in an underprivileged family, facing numerous hardships. However, he was determined to overcome these challenges and build a successful life for himself.

With a strong entrepreneurial spirit, W. Clement Stone went on to co-found The Combined Insurance Company of America, which became one of the largest insurance companies in the United States.W. Clement Stone’s philosophy centered around the idea that our thoughts and actions shape our reality, and by harnessing the power of positive thinking, we can overcome obstacles and create a life of abundance and fulfillment.

February 27

Author John Steinbeck born (1902); Actress Elizabeth Taylor born (1932); Nobel Prize-winning physiologist Ivan Pavlov dies (1936); 22nd Amendment is ratified, limiting US presidents to only being elected to two terms (1951); Mister Rogers dies (2003).

February 26

Fashion designer Levi Strauss born (1829); Grand Canyon National Park established (1919); Musician Johnny Cash born (1932); Musician Erykah Badu born (1971); World Trade Center bombing kills six, injures more than 1,000 (1993).

February 25

Hiram Revels becomes first African American in US Congress (1870); Beatles guitarist George Harrison born (1943); Muhammad Ali, then known as Cassius Clay, defeats Sonny Liston to win his first world heavyweight title (1964); Actress Téa Leoni born (1966); Playwright and poet Tennessee Williams dies (1983).

February 24

Marbury v. Madison establishes principle of judicial review in the US (1803); Nike cofounder Phil Knight born (1938); Steve Jobs born (1955); "Hidden Figures" NASA mathematician Katherine Johnson dies (2020); Russia begins full-scale invasion of Ukraine (2022).

February 23

Physicist Werner Heisenberg describes uncertainty principle (1927); Iconic flag-raising photo taken on Iwo Jima's Mount Suribachi (1945); Historian WEB Du Bois born (1868); Actress Emily Blunt born (1983); Flaco, Eurasian eagle-owl, dies in Lower Manhattan nine months after escaping from Central Park Zoo (2024)

February 22

President George Washington born (1732); Crocodile Hunter Steve Irwin born (1962); Drew Barrymore born (1975); "Miracle on Ice" as the US defeats the Soviet Union in hockey at Winter Olympics (1980); Andy Warhol dies (1987).

February 21

 "The Communist Manifesto" published by Karl Marx (1848); Musician Nina Simone born (1933); NASCAR founded (1948); Malcolm X assassinated (1965); Rev. Billy Graham dies (2018).

February 20

Frederick Douglass dies (1895); Sidney Poitier born (1927); John Glenn becomes first American to orbit Earth (1962); Kurt Cobain born (1967); Rihanna born (1988); Olivia Rodrigo born (2003).

February 19

Thomas Edison awarded patent for the phonograph (1878); Musician Smokey Robinson born (1940); Battle of Iwo Jima begins (1945); Actress Millie Bobby Brown born (2004); “To Kill a Mockingbird” author Harper Lee dies (2016).

February 18

Artist Michelangelo died (1564); “The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn” published in the US (1885); Astronomer Clyde Tombaugh discovers Pluto (1930); Novelist Toni Morrison born (1931); Auto racing legend Dale Earnhardt killed in crash at Daytona 500 (2001).

February 17

Football player and actor Jim Brown born (1936); Vanguard 2 launched as first weather satellite (1959); Michael Jordan born (1963); Volkswagen Beetle passes Ford Model T to become world’s bestselling car (1972); Golf great Mickey Wright dies (2020).

February 16

Fidel Castro assumes power in Cuba (1959); First 911 emergency line goes into operation in Haleyville, Alabama (1968); Hezbollah is founded (1985); "Reading Rainbow" host LeVar Burton born (1957); Singer The Weeknd born (1990); Russian activist Alexei Navalny dies in prison (2024)

Charlie Chaplin

Sir Charles Spencer Chaplin (16 April 1889 – 25 December 1977) was an English comic actor, filmmaker, and composer who rose to fame in the era of silent film. He became a worldwide icon through his screen persona, the Tramp, and is considered one of the film industry's most important figures. His career spanned more than 75 years, from his childhood in the Victorian era until a year before his death in 1977, and encompassed both accolade and controversy.Chaplin's childhood in London was one of poverty and hardship. His father was absent and his mother struggled financially – he was sent to a workhouse twice before age nine. When he was 14, his mother was committed to a mental asylum. Chaplin began performing at an early age, touring music halls and later working as a stage actor and comedian. At 19, he was signed to the Fred Karno company, which took him to the United States. He was scouted for the film industry and began appearing in 1914 for Keystone Studios. He soon introduced and adopted the Tramp as his screen persona. He directed his own films and continued to hone his craft as he moved to Essanay Studios, where the Tramp persona was developed emotionally in The Tramp (1915). He then attracted a large fanbase and demanded more money as he moved to Mutual and First National corporations. By 1918, he was one of the world's best-paid and best-known figures.In 1919, Chaplin co-founded the distribution company United Artists, which gave him complete control over his films. His first feature-length film was The Kid (1921), followed by A Woman of Paris (1923), The Gold Rush (1925), and The Circus (1928). He initially refused to move to sound films in the 1930s, instead producing City Lights (1931) and Modern Times (1936) without dialogue. His first sound film was The Great Dictator (1940), which satirised Adolf Hitler. The 1940s were marked with controversy for Chaplin, and his popularity declined rapidly. He was accused of communist sympathies, and some members of the press and public were scandalised by his involvement in a paternity suit and marriages to much younger women. An FBI investigation was opened, and Chaplin was forced to leave the U.S. in 1952 and settle in Switzerland. He abandoned the Tramp in his later films, which include Monsieur Verdoux (1947), Limelight (1952), A King in New York (1957), and A Countess from Hong Kong (1967).Chaplin wrote, directed, produced, edited, starred in, and composed the music for most of his films. He was a perfectionist, and his financial independence enabled him to spend years on the development and production of a picture. His films are characterised by slapstick combined with pathos, typified in the Tramp's struggles against adversity. Many contain social and political themes, as well as autobiographical elements. He received an Honorary Academy Award for "the incalculable effect he has had in making motion pictures the art form of this century" in 1972, as part of a renewed appreciation for his work. He continues to be held in high regard, with The Gold Rush, City Lights, Modern Times, and The Great Dictator often ranked on lists of the greatest films.

February 15

Astronomer Galileo Galilei born (1564); Women's rights activist Susan B. Anthony born (1820); Musician Nat King Cole dies (1965); Soviet-Afghan War ends as all Soviet troops depart Afghanistan (1989); Actress Raquel Welch dies (2023). 

February 14

Saint Valentine dies (269); Abolitionist Frederick Douglass born (1818); Pale Blue Dot photo taken by Voyager 1 (1990); Dolly the sheep dies; was first cloned mammal (2003); Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School shooting; 17 killed and 17 injured (2018).

February 13

Chuck Yeager, first pilot to break sound barrier, born (1923); Talk show host and politician Jerry Springer born (1944); Nashville sit-ins begin (1960); French opera singer Lily Pons dies (1976).

February 12

President Abraham Lincoln born (1809); Biologist Charles Darwin born (1809); Children’s author Judy Blume born (1938); President Bill Clinton acquitted on impeachment charges (1999); “Peanuts” cartoonist Charles Schulz dies (2000).

February 11

Inventor Thomas Edison born (1847); Jennifer Aniston born (1969); Iranian Revolution begins as Ayatollah Khomeini comes to power (1979); Nelson Mandela released from prison after 27 years in South Africa (1990)

February 10

French and Indian War ends (1763); “Roots” author Alex Haley dies (1992); American playwright Arthur Miller dies (2005); Hollywood legend and diplomat Shirley Temple dies (2014).

February 9

Volleyball is invented, initially known as mintonette (1895); World's first intercontinental ballistic missile, the R-7 Semyorka, becomes operational (1959); NFL star Saquon Barkley born (1997); "Crime and Punishment" author Fyodor Dostoyevsky dies (1881)

February 8

Author Jules Verne born (1828); Boy Scouts of America is founded (1910); Hollywood legend Lana Turner born (1921); Actor James Dean born (1931); Nasdaq Stock Market index opens (1971).

February 7

Charles Dickens born (1812); The US bans all Cuban imports and exports (1962); Garth Brooks born (1962); "Beatlemania" arrives in America (1964); Author and pilot Anne Morrow Lindbergh dies (2001).

February 6

Babe Ruth born (1895); Former President Ronald Reagan born (1911); Bob Marley born (1945); King George VI dies, Elizabeth II becomes queen (1952); Singer Rick Astley born (1966); Tennis legend and activist Arthur Ashe dies (1993).

February 5

Roger Williams, founder of Rhode Island, arrives in Boston (1631); Baseball legend Hank Aaron born (1934); English actress Charlotte Rampling born (1946); Medgar Evers’ murderer convicted after 30 years (1994); President Donald Trump acquitted in his first impeachment trial (2020). 

February 4

George Washington elected first president of the US (1789); Aviation innovator Charles Lindbergh born (1902); Rosa Parks born (1913); Facebook is founded (2004); Actor and playwright Ossie Davis dies (2005). 

February 1

Last frost fair on frozen River Thames held (1814); First Groundhog Day observed in Punxsutawney, Pennsylvania (1887); NYC's Grand Central Terminal opens (1913); James Joyce's "Ulysses" published (1922); Actor Paul Mescal born (1996); Actor Carl Weathers dies (2024).

February 2

Last frost fair on frozen River Thames held (1814); First Groundhog Day observed in Punxsutawney, Pennsylvania (1887); NYC's Grand Central Terminal opens (1913); James Joyce's "Ulysses" published (1922); Actor Paul Mescal born (1996); Actor Carl Weathers dies (2024).

February 3

Printing press inventor Johannes Gutenberg dies (1468); American novelist Gertrude Stein born (1874); Musicians Buddy Holly, Ritchie Valens, and The Big Bopper killed in plane crash (1959); Luna 9 becomes first spacecraft to make soft landing on the moon (1966).

January 31

Guy Fawkes is executed (1606); 13th Amendment, abolishing slavery, passes in Congress (1865); Jackie Robinson born (1919); Actress Kerry Washington born (1977); Justin Timberlake born (1981).

January 30

American flag maker Betsy Ross dies (1836); Franklin D. Roosevelt born (1882); Mahatma Gandhi assassinated (1948); The Beatles give their last public performance (1969); 14 killed on Bloody Sunday in Northern Ireland (1972).

January 27

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart born (1756); British author Lewis Carroll born (1832); Auschwitz concentration camp liberated (1945); Paris Peace Accords brings end to Vietnam War (1973); Andre the Giant dies (1993); American author JD Salinger dies (2010).

January 28

Jane Austen’s “Pride and Prejudice” published (1813); Painter Jackson Pollock born (1912); Modern US Coast Guard is founded (1915); Space Shuttle Challenger disintegrates after launch, killing all seven astronauts on board (1986); Actress Cicely Tyson dies (2021).

January 29

President William McKinley born (1843); Edgar Allan Poe's "The Raven" first published (1845); Baseball Hall of Fame announces first inductees (1936); Oprah Winfrey born (1954); Robert Frost dies (1963).

January 25

First Winter Olympics take place in Chamonix, France (1924); Battle of the Bulge comes to an end (1945); Al Capone dies (1947); Alicia Keys born (1981); Mary Tyler Moore dies (2017).

January 24

First Boy Scout troop is organized (1908); Actress Sharon Tate born (1943); Winston Churchill dies (1965); Thurgood Marshall dies (1993); Department of Homeland Security opens (2003).

January 23

American statesman John Hancock born (1737); The US and Vietnam reach peace settlement (1973); Athlete, artist, and activist Paul Robeson dies (1976); Salvador Dalí dies (1989); Madeleine Albright becomes first US female secretary of state (1997).

January 21

Louis XVI of France is executed by guillotine (1793); Fashion designer Christian Dior born (1905); Golf great Jack Nicklaus born (1940); Founding father of American cinema Cecil B. DeMille dies (1959); Women’s March sees large-scale protests in more than 160 countries (2017).

January 22

English polymath Francis Bacon born (1561); President Lyndon B. Johnson dies (1973); Roe v. Wade Supreme Court decision (1973); Caitlin Clark born (2002); Hank Aaron dies (2021). 

January 21

Louis XVI of France is executed by guillotine (1793); Fashion designer Christian Dior born (1905); Golf great Jack Nicklaus born (1940); Founding father of American cinema Cecil B. DeMille dies (1959); Women’s March sees large-scale protests in more than 160 countries (2017).

January 20

Astronaut Buzz Aldrin born (1930); Iran hostage crisis ends as 52 Americans are released after 444 days (1981); Martin Luther King Jr. Day is observed for first time (1986); Actress Audrey Hepburn dies (1993); Barack Obama becomes first Black president of the US (2009).

MARTIN LUTHER KING JR DAY

"On the third Monday in January, Martin Luther King Jr Day honors the American clergyman, activist, Civil Rights Movement leader."

https://www.nationaldaycalendar.com/national-day/martin-luther-king-jr-day-third-monday-in-january?utm_source=Iterable&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=12260427&hashed_email=6c23328441e0f46865e8039a24ce7ccf8880f2d7&email=yeremiah%40aol.com

January 18

President John Tyler dies (1862); Actor Cary Grant born (1904); WWI Paris Peace Conference begins (1919); Author Rudyard Kipling dies (1936); Willie O’Ree becomes first Black player in the National Hockey League (1958).

January 17

Benjamin Franklin born (1706); Actress Betty White born (1922); Muhammad Ali born (1942); UN Security Council holds its first meeting (1946); Former first lady Michelle Obama born (1964).

NATIONAL CLASSY DAY

"On National Classy Day, we celebrate those who are graced with the ability to live their lives with class, passion, and who are driven to share it with others."

https://www.nationaldaycalendar.com/national-day/national-classy-day-january-17?utm_source=Iterable&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=12250276&hashed_email=6c23328441e0f46865e8039a24ce7ccf8880f2d7&email=yeremiah%40aol.com

January 16

Hiram Revels, first African American to serve in Congress, dies (1901); 18th Amendment ratified, banning alcohol in the US (1919); R&B and pop singer Aaliyah born (1979); "Hamilton" creator Lin-Manuel Miranda born (1980); Operation Desert Storm of the Persian Gulf War begins (1991).

January 15

Coca-Cola Co. is incorporated (1889); Martin Luther King Jr. born (1929); First Super Bowl is played (1967); Wikipedia is launched (2001); Cranberries lead singer Dolores O’Riordan dies (2018).

January 14

Astronomer Edmond Halley dies (1742); “Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland” author Lewis Carroll dies (1898); Actress Faye Dunaway born (1941); Franklin D. Roosevelt is first president to travel on official business by airplane while in office (1943); NBC’s “Today” debuts (1952).

January 13

Author James Joyce dies (1941); Actress Julia Louis-Dreyfus born (1961); Douglas Wilder becomes first elected Black US governor (1990); 32 die as cruise ship Costa Concordia sinks off coast of Italy (2012).

STEPHEN FOSTER MEMORIAL DAY

"Stephen Foster Memorial Day on January 13th commemorates the music of the man who composed hundreds of America's first popular songs."https://www.nationaldaycalendar.com/national-day/stephen-foster-memorial-day-january-13?utm_source=Iterable&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=12236840&hashed_email=6c23328441e0f46865e8039a24ce7ccf8880f2d7&email=yeremiah%40aol.com

January 11

Alexander Hamilton born (1755 or 1757); Grand Canyon becomes a national monument (1908); First use of insulin to treat diabetes in humans (1922); Mary J. Blige born (1971); Sir Edmund Hillary, one of the first two people to reach the summit of Mount Everest, dies (2008).

January 10

UN General Assembly gathers for first time (1946); Boxer George Foreman born (1949); The US and Holy See establish diplomatic relations (1984); David Bowie dies (2016).

January 9

"Common Sense" published by Thomas Paine (1776); President Richard Nixon born (1913); Activist and singer-songwriter Joan Baez born (1941); Catherine, Princess of Wales born (1982); iPhone makes its debut (2007).

January 8

George Washington delivers first State of the Union address (1790); Elvis Presley born (1935); Fashion designer Carolina Herrera born (1939); Stephen Hawking born (1942); David Bowie born (1947).

Peter Yarrow

"Folk singer Peter Yarrow, best known as a member of the trio Peter, Paul and Mary, has died at 86."

https://www.npr.org/2025/01/07/nx-s1-4900572/peter-yarrow-paul-mary-obituary?utm_source=join1440&utm_medium=email&utm_placement=newsletter

January 7

Galileo Galilei discovers first three Jupiter moons (1610); First US presidential election completed (1789); Author Zora Neale Hurston born (1891); Inventor Nikola Tesla dies (1943); NFL star Lamar Jackson born (1997). 

January 6

Joan of Arc born (1412); Telegraph publicly demonstrated for first time (1838); President Teddy Roosevelt dies (1919); US Capitol stormed in attempt to disrupt certification of 2020 electoral results (2021); Actor Sidney Poitier dies (2022). 

January 3

 "The Lord of the Rings" author JRR Tolkien born (1892); The US cuts diplomatic ties with Cuba (1961); Apple is incorporated (1977); Author Joy Adamson murdered (1980); Panamanian dictator Manuel Noriega surrenders to the US (1990).

January 4

Boxer Floyd Patterson born (1935); Biographer and journalist Doris Kearns Goodwin born (1943); Luna 1 is first spacecraft to reach vicinity of the moon (1959); Poet TS Eliot dies (1965); Burj Khalifa, tallest building in the world, opens in Dubai (2010). 

January 2

Spanish Reconquista completed (1492); Viet Cong achieve first major victory of Vietnam War (1963); President Ronald Reagan sworn in as California governor (1967); President Jimmy Carter ends US-Russia détente (1980). 

December 31

Arthur Guinness signs a 9,000-year lease, begins brewing at Dublin's St. James's Gate (1759); Thomas Edison demonstrates incandescent lighting in public for first time (1879); First New Year's Eve celebration held in Times Square (1904); The country of Kiribati skips the day altogether (1994).