July 30

Automobile pioneer Henry Ford born (1863); Uruguay wins first World Cup (1930); HBD Arnold Schwarzenegger (1947); Medicare and Medicaid established in US (1965); RIP actress Claudette Colbert (1996)

July 29

Italian dictator Benito Mussolini born (1883); RIP Vincent van Gogh (1890); NASA is established (1958); 750 million people worldwide watch wedding of Prince Charles and Princess Diana (1981); RIP Nobel Prize-winning chemist Dorothy Hodgkin (1994).

July 28

RIP composer Johann Sebastian Bach (1750); 14th Amendment, granting US citizenship to formerly enslaved persons, is officially adopted (1868); Former first lady Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis born (1929); Tangshan earthquake kills more than 240,000 in China (1976).

July 19

Inventor and businessman Samuel Colt born (1814); First US Women’s Rights convention held (1848); Sports journalist Stuart Scott born (1965); First GPS signal transmitted (1977).

July 20

Mount Everest explorer Sir Edmund Hillary born (1919); Neil Armstrong becomes first person to walk on the moon (1969); RIP Bruce Lee (1973); Viking 1 is first spacecraft to successfully land on Mars (1976); HBD Gisele Bündchen (1980).

July 26

US Postal Service is established (1775); the Federal Bureau of Investigation is founded (1908); HBD Sir Mick Jagger (1943); HBD actress Dame Helen Mirren (1945); RIP former Argentine first lady Eva Perón (1952).

July 27

US Department of State is established (1789); HBD figure skating legend Peggy Fleming (1948); House brings impeachment charges against President Richard Nixon (1974); NBA player Reggie Lewis collapses and dies at practice (1993); RIP Bob Hope (2003).