Albert Einstein was a German-born physicist who developed the general theory of relativity, and in 1921, won the Nobel Prize for Physics for his explanation of the photoelectric effect. An outspoken pacifist eho was publicly identified with the Zionist movement, in 1932 Einstein emigrated from Germany to the United States--Prinston, New Jersey, specifically--when the Nazi's took power before WWII. Einstein is generally considered to be the most influential physicist of the twentieth century, with his work also having a major impact on the development of atomic energy.
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